Global business environment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Global business environment - Term Paper Example Slate tablet is a newly developed organization going to compete in the global consumer tablet industry. The organization is trying to adopt and implement cost leadership business level strategy in business operation process in order to support the affected purchasing power of the consumers. The organization should try to focus on the large and emerging consumers markets to gain potential competitive advantages. In addition to this, the organization should also try to develop its own distribution and supply chain network in order to justify its adopted and implemented cost leadership business level strategy. Most importantly, the organization needs to use the promotional mediums and platforms such a way, so that the target customers can understand the market position of the products. Lastly, it is highly important for the management of the organization to focus on both social media and traditional media promotional strategy to create significant brand awareness. Target Market and Positioning of Slate Tablet It is clear from the previous assignment that Slate tablet is going to introduce in global tablet industry. But, initially and certainly the brand will compete in the consumer tablet market. It is clear from Part 1 that global tablet industry has become highly competitive and saturated. Therefore, it is highly important for the management of Slate to develop an effective and significant targeting and positioning strategy for the brand considering the nature of the competitive global market place. However, it is clear from the previous assignment that the management of Slate is trying to focus on consumer tablet market.

Genus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Genus - Essay Example The workers keep busy in construction and provision of food. Being sterile, they do not have a direct offspring but work cooperatively together to look after the offspring of the queen. However, these workers are not â€Å"obligatory sterile† (Ciszek 2000:1), meaning that they are capable of reproducing but when they have to live in colonies, they are not supposed to breed. But, if they are separated from their colonies, then they are able to actively reproduce. Worker mole-rats are able to transmit their genes to the next generation if they are sterile through the concept of inclusive fitness (Hamilton 1964:1; Axelrod & Hamilton 1981:1390), according to which if the worker mole-rats share genes with their mother queen, then they are able to assist her in raising future queens, thus, enabling the workers to transmit their genes. This assistance is a special feature of eusociality. Hence, we see close inbreeding in these mole-rats since there is high genetic similarity (Faulkes , Abbott & Mellor, 1990). This close inbreeding eliminates the chances of out-breeding in mole-rats which increases their relatedness to the queen’s offspring. This close genetic relatedness maximizes the workers’ potential to do more work. ... The male members of these non-workers mate with the breeding female. Since most of these non-workers are sleeping most of the time, thus, the overall energy requirement for the colony is reduced. Their main role is the assistance in the brought up of the offspring. Female mole rats of all these categories are non-breeding, and will never reproduce. Although they are not sterile, yet their ovaries have been found to be inactive. Male mole-rats are able to inseminate; however, small mole-rats have difficulty mating with the bigger breeding female. As far as the breeding female is concerned, she belongs to the category of non-workers, and is of the same size as that of non-workers. She is identified through her prominent mammary glands. The offspring that is born is fed by the breeding female, and rests with the sleeping non-workers. If the nest is in some danger, both the sexes of the frequent and infrequent workers pick up the offspring, and take him out of the nest. When the danger i s over, all the members of all castes bring him back in. During weaning, he feeds on the food brought in by the frequent workers; and, when he is about 2 months old, he joins the army of frequent workers, and is about their size at one year. His joining the caste of frequent workers is an evidence of that the naked mole-rats share an extended family, which makes them eusocial. Hence, the naked mole-rats are a perfect example of eusociality. They resemble a lot with eusocial insects but differ in that mole-rats do not have a clearly defined breeding male. The breeding female is not easy to catch which shows that she does not reside at such a place that is frequently exposed to dangers like predators. This feature is also present in eusocial insects.

Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination in Canadian Society

Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination in Canadian Society Arjun Pasricha Introduction Words like prejudice and discrimination have become common terms and they are referred often in our daily life, such as media, books, news, casual conversations, and political discussions. Prejudice and discrimination have been in focus since 1960s and these issues have been researched extensively since the last few decades. This surge of interest to understand the impact of prejudice and discrimination in Canadian society has defined the purpose for this report and the report attempts to explore and examine a complete picture of prejudice and discrimination in the contemporary Canadian society. The report is built on sociological, anthropological and psychological perspectives and aims to examine prejudice and discrimination issues that emerge in Canadian social situations because of social interactions (Eriksen, 2010). The conceptualization of prejudice and discrimination, two forms of social bias have evolved over a period of time and are acknowledged as one of the greatest societal challenges because of their dreadful negative effects on the Canadian society. Presently, there is a universal consensus among all that prejudice and discrimination are one of the serious social issues in Canada and they typically appear together, prejudice is considered as the thought, while discrimination is the action (Dovidio, 2010). According to Driedger and Palmer (2011) prejudice and discrimination is always seen to intersect each other and manifests in many forms. For example, people may have prejudices against some groups and end up engaging in a discriminating manner with them. For instance, social pressures may subject prejudices against women and marginalized population and discriminate them in employment, education, or social services (Chin, 2009). Prejudice is defined as a construction of negative preconc eived beliefs, notions, feelings, attitudes, and opinions about a group of people or individuals, that may be felt or expressed, usually because of ethnicity, religion or race (Chin, 2009). On the other hand discrimination is defined as discouraging or negative treatment towards others because of their sex, gender, race, disability, sexual orientation, religion or belief and age (Dawson, 2013). The discrimination construct not only involves biased treatment , but also unacceptable and inequitable behaviour towards some individuals or some group members, that are excluded from society because of prejudice (Dovidio, 2010). Ageism and Society Ageism is considered as one of the most prevalent prejudices in the society and can be defined as the denial of basic human rights to elderly population (Gutman Spencer, 2010). Sociologists are of the view that people have stereotype prejudice view of older population in the society because of their age, which leads to discrimination. Often aging population experience prejudice in their workplace and typically society holds negative stereotypes for aging population. They commonly presume that old adults are senile, sad, lonely, incompetent, have poor physical or mental health, have conservative thinking, and rigid ideas or opinions. Employment discrimination against old age manifests in different ways, old adults who worked for the company in their younger years are pushed out as they grow older, on the other hand, companies may refrain from hiring old adults, and aging population are unable to get similar employment opportunities as younger population (Gunderson, 2003). Moreover, younger population have negative stereotype thinking that aging population have massive medical expenses and they are a drain on the Canadian system. (Edwards, 2002). Therefore, these negative stereotypes and discriminations can have detrimental effects on aging population. They feel they are being unreasonably blamed for being a burden on health care systems, the Canada Pension Plan and Old Age Security. Therefore, these negative impressions of society foster discrimination against aging population (Mei, et all, 2013). It is time for all of us as individuals to increase our awareness and question our negative stereotype thinking, relook at our assumption about aging and older population. We need to take extra care to reach out to them with an open mind and treat them as valued and important contributors of our Canadian society. Employers too need to value them and make efforts to understand diverse needs of aging population. Moreover, Canadian government has a continued focus on expanding their age inclusive policies that facilitate aging population to have a choice to lead their life to the fullest. Thus, there is a great need for our society as a whole to address the societal issue of ageism. Although, change may not happen overnight, but we all can take the responsibility to collectively build an age-inclusive society. Social Anthropology Perspective on History of Immigrants Immigration to Canada led to an increase in population of diverse cultures. Immigrants were from varied economic and ethnic backgrounds. However, this led to rise in disagreements regarding aspects such as economic benefits or employment for immigrants. This report focuses on social anthropological point of view to describe impact of prejudice and discrimination on immigrants on basis of their ethnicity and culture. Historically, early Canadian immigration policies were largely discriminative Prejudice and discrimination emerged in 17th and 18th centuries in Canada between Aboriginals, and French and European colonizers. Europeans and French viewed those Aboriginals as uncivilized and uncouth. In the 19th century Canada opened its immigration policy and a number of immigrants from other origins were seen. However, Canadians shared prejudices concerning the capabilities of the immigrant groups. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, whites considered themselves superior in front of nonwhite groups and nonwhites faced a great deal of social prejudice (Driedger Palmer, 2011). In the late 1800 and early 1900, Asian immigrants faced anti-Asian sentiments in British Columbia. They were considered inferior and were discriminated because of their willingness to work for lower wages than whites. Moreover, discriminatory social practices in British Columbia made Asians refrain from voting, practicing law, or careers with civil service. Numerous attempts were made by anti-Asians to prohibit Asians from studying in public schools (Driedger Palmer, 2011). Black Canadians also were subjected to extensive patterns of discrimination in the late 1900 and early 2000s in Nova Scotia and Ontario. They were forced to study in segregated schools, faced discrimination in housing, employment and use of public services. Moreover, on various occasions they were refused to be served in hotels or restaurants. Additionally, whites expressed prejudice toward Black Canadians and saw them as backward, ill-mannered, unaware, dishonest, violent, and law breakers (Driedger Palmer, 2011). After the Second World War, in response for human concern, Canada signed the United Nations charter on Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the year 1948 and The Canadian Bill of Rights was adopted in the 1960. This brought in new tolerance policies and helped to weaken the rigid relationships of prejudice and discrimination. The shift resulted in introduction of more unbiased immigration laws and by the 1970s globalization helped in greater inflow of multicultural immigrants (Driedger Palmer, 2011). Thus immigration policies and regulations have changed, mostly to eradicate overt discrimination on the basis of immigrants’ race or culture. Today Canadians are proud of being a tolerant society, where people of all different racial, ethnic, and national backgrounds live together harmoniously (Dion, 2002). An Ethnic Diversity Survey conducted in 2003 examined the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of Canadians and concluded that 93 per cent of population had never, or rarely, encountered discrimination or prejudice because of their ethnicity or cultural attributes. Nevertheless, some new immigrants did sometimes feel discriminated in personal, economic, social, or political situations (Driedger Palmer, 2011). References Chin, J. L. (2009). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: A revised and condensed edition. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Dawson, C. (2013). Prejudice: Reed Business Information Ltd. Dovidio, J. F. (2010). The Sage handbook of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. London: SAGE. Driedger, L. , Palmer, H. (2011). Prejudice and Discrimination. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved on July 12, 2014, from http://www. thecanadianencyclopedia. ca/en/article/prejudice-and-discrimination/ Edwards, A. (2002). Its about time: A new campaign by the ontario human rights commission aims to advance rights for older citizens. Marketing Magazine, 107 (32), 12. Eriksen, T. H. (2010). Ethnicity and nationalism: Anthropological perspectives. New York; London: Pluto Press. Gunderson, M. (2003). Age discrimination in employment in canada. Contemporary Economic Policy, 21 (3), 318-328. doi: 10. 1093/cep/byg013 Gutman, G. , Spencer, C. (2010). Aging, ageism and abuse: Moving from awareness to action. San Diego: Academic Press. Mei, Z. , Fast, J. , Eales, J. (2013). Gifts of a Lifetime: The Contributions of Older Canadians. Retrieved on July 13, 2014, from http://www. rapp. ualberta. ca/~/media/rapp/Home/Documents/Gifts_of_a_Lifetime_2013Sep23. pdf Novak, M. W. , Campbell, L. D. (1993). Aging and society: A Canadian perspective. Scarborough, Ontario: Nelson Canada. Retrieved on July 12, 2014 from http://www. nelsonbrain. com/content/novak0043x_017650043x_02. 01_chapter01. pdf Lozen, J. C. Barratt, J. (2012). Revera report on ageism. Revera Inc. in partner-ship with Leger Marketing. Annotated Bibliography Chin, J. L. (2009). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: A revised and condensed edition. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Dawson, C. (2013). Prejudice: Reed Business Information Ltd. Dovidio, J. F. (2010). The Sage handbook of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. London: SAGE. Edwards, A. (2002). Its about time: A new campaign by the ontario human rights commission aims to advance rights for older citizens. Marketing Magazine, 107 (32), 12. Eriksen, T. H. (2010). Ethnicity and nationalism: Anthropological perspectives. New York; London: Pluto Press. Gunderson, M. (2003). Age discrimination in employment in canada. Contemporary Economic Policy, 21 (3), 318-328. doi: 10. 1093/cep/byg013 Gutman, G. , Spencer, C. (2010). Aging, ageism and abuse: Moving from awareness to action. San Diego: Academic Press.

The Necessity of Positive and Normative Economics :: essays papers

The Necessity of Positive and Normative Economics Keynes once wrote: â€Å"The object of a positive science is the establishment of uniformities, of a normative science the determination of ideals.† (Blaug, 122) This is the dichotomy that economists recognize when approaching their field of study. The social scientist must recognize both positive and normative distinctions, means and ends, as important factors of fruitful research. Secondly, they must clearly express the conditions and assumption which theories holds in order for economics to be useful for society. Positive science is that which is a fact of nature or a fact by definition. In mathematics this is the difference between the knowledge that the angles of a triangle sum to 180 degrees, and the definition of a triangle as a two dimensional polygon with 3 sides. In economics, such facts of knowledge include that money is a store of value, or facts of definition that the UN’s Human Development Index ranks Canada above Mexico. These are all positive facts. Whether they rely or are associated with values does not reduce their factualness to a normative realm. One cannot refute positive statements by claiming they are arrived at due to values. It is up to normative science to judge the value of the HDI, a positive fact, and not mistake this action as denying the existence of the HDI. This is probably better stated with a topic from macroeconomics. Suppose that some economists agree that inflation produces the social cost of having to adjust prices to new levels. This is a completely positive statement. As long as every term has been clearly defined, one can understand the relation between inflation (as defined) and cost (as defined). Yes, the definitions have been chosen based on specific values, but this does not disaffirm the statement as a true reflection of reality. Suppose we make a true statement which denies that inflation produces this social cost, by defining inflation or the cost differently. The old positive fact of reality that the first statement asserted has not changed. By changing definitions, we have merely created a new positive statement. A statement is a true positive fact, according to Weston, when it â€Å"is consistent with definitions and axioms that define the system. We are not necessarily saying anything about what is true outside of that system.

Admission to college

The world is fast becoming a borderless place.   Cultures, races, beliefs and ideologies are blend together and interact because of the growing advances in communications.   In order to succeed in this world, one needs to be able to adapt to the various cultural differences as well as be able to maintain a certain sense of individual identity.   This is one of the main reasons why I think the (insert name of college here) is the best place for me to cultivate and develop my talents.Life has been challenging for me to say the least.   Unlike many who have gotten many opportunities in life, most of my opportunities have been the result of my hard work.   When I graduated from Columbia-Greene Community College in December 2006 with an Associate in Science Degree, I have to admit that it was one of the proudest moments of my life.   After all these years, the hard work and perseverance that I put in finally paid off and I was able to get the reward that I deserved.It may not seem like a big accomplishment for many people but that day marked the culmination of the years that I put in and the verified my success in the face of the many various challenges that I faced along the way.   It does not appear on any transcript or college record but the fact that I am most proud of is that I accomplished all of this while being a single mother of two very lovely children.They say that college life is very challenging and that the only way to succeed and get high grades in college is by being a full time student.   While I would have wanted to have that same opportunity, I had to do it the hard way; being instead a part time student and a full time mother.Despite these challenges, I was able to remain on the President’s List of outstanding students for the Spring and Fall of 2006 academic semesters.   I constantly maintained excellent grades and also found time to do extra-curricular activities such as participate in the Phi Theta Kappa Sorority where I took part and handled a number of community outreach programs.As I mentioned earlier, the world is changing fast and there are many challenges that lie ahead of me.   I understand that the best way to deal with those challenges is to be prepared and I firmly believe that this (insert name of university here) is the best training ground.   Equipped with a Masteral Degree in Business Administration, I know that I will be able to become much more and be prepared for the challenges that I will encounter.I am currently working full time at the moment in order to prepare financially for college which I will be attending full time should I be accepted to this prestigious University.   Since this is the case, I am hoping that an adult online study course will be able to supplement my quest for knowledge and self-improvement for the meantime.In time, I hope to not only create a better future for myself through the help of a fine education but also to create a better future for my tw o young children who have the whole world ahead of them.While I personally believe that â€Å"there is no such thing as a free lunch† and that everything a person has in life must come from hard work and perseverance, I also believe in charity.   I believe in helping others who do not have much in life.I believe in helping people regardless of their nation, race or creed.   I believe in being a better person so I can best help myself and others around me.   I believe that the (Insert name of university here) is the best place for me to turn these beliefs into realities.

Bmw Management

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Table of Contents 1. Introduction3 2. Discussion4 3. BMW area of improvement6 4. BMW Solutions7 5. Recommendations9 6. Conclusion11 References13 1. Introduction Operations management is a process where system direction and control of the processes transforms inputs into finished goods and services. It is also the way organization do produce goods and their services. It’s a process of transforming and oversetting set of resources that is inputs in to services and goods which is output. Operations Functions of B. M. W comprises of a significant number of employees and their physical assets in various organizations (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). Its also determins the equipments which are used and some information should go in an operation system and also how this equipments can be able to market the place. Managers they are the one who are supposed to be responsible on their activities such as quality management and control in their business. The Importance of operation have increased in recent years. Managers they do play a big role in satisfying their customer’s needs and making their business to be firm and strong. Inputs recourses might be raw materials or information or customers. Some examples of inputs in the B. M. W Company which include:-customers – this is a process where you are involved in processing your ticket and baggage. Raw Materials this is where some plastics product they are melted and they do form a mold. Information; a divisor do gather some information to clients and assist in developing in financial plans. Output it’s a product or services required by customers and its broadest sense of the word. Overview functions they involves a lot of different disciplines. Productions do have service which operations have (U. S Departments of Education Institute of Education Sciences, 2009). Discussion Operation management is the way products and goods and services are concerned with organizing the process of getting thing which are been done. The operation is also used for transforming process and converting a set of resources into services and goods. Operations management’s functions of the B. M. W involve different disciplines, production and services. Operation management functions do have a central role in most firms. The functions which are defined to select this determine which product or services will be produced and by which process (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). Designing in the B. M. W sector involve creation method, whereby the operation involves actual process and meeting of schedules and also do certify production and standards. Operations functions here manager is supposed to be responsible for the success of the products units. This person need knowledge which is base in technology of products which are been processed . In customers participation it leads to storage ,transporting and stocking, and at the same time customer supplies with some of the products. Using customers as labor, enables them to do self service and this require customers to physically and mentally able to help themselves (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). Retaining an existing customer at the B. M. W Company is much cheaper costs of winning new customers. The designing of a poorly product or service can fail to market needs and expectations. It’s more important to make products are well delivered and processed and closely linked. The designer must work together with the product so that he or she can make it to me more successful introduction of a new product or services. Products they are experience through materials, equipments and people, People they do know what can be done so as to solve problems (Chase & Jacobs et al, 2001). The right quality it’s not best but it’s determined by the cost of the products and the technical characteristics and the requirements. Manufacturers should procedure the best products in the right numbers and if they are produced in excess of the demands the capital will lower the inventory but if the quality is in short of demand its leads to shortage of products. The advantages of operation management in job shop production, the operator will become more skilled and its will compete other jobs and its will give the other business the opportunities. The Opportunities of B. M. W exists to create methods and innovates some ideas. Batch productions it’s defined by American Production and Inventory Control Society. The characterizes includes, whenever there is shorter productions to run the business, when machines and plant are flexible, when the manufacturer lead time and the cost at lower as compared to job order productions. The Advantages of Batch production are when there is better utilization of plants; the cot per item is lower as compared to job orders production (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). Objectives of the operation management of the B. M. W Company should ensure its products are being produced at more clear and attractive services of right quality and quantity at the right time and at right manufacturing costs. The products are supposed to be of right quality and the right quantity. The quality is established based upon the customers and their needs Mondy & Premeaux (1992), the manager defines objectives for the operations of the organization and its polices, The operation manager provide the role and the flow of information within the operations . They determine activities which are required so as to achieve the goals and assign them responsibility for carrying them out. Operation manager must exercise to control by measuring outputs and comparing their plans in managements. Managers they are the one who are supposed to be concerned with how efforts to plan, organize and to control the behavior of human (Ames, 1995). Manager plan, organize and control the conversation process within the organization. Operation management is concern with achieving of both satisfactory customers and services, the B. M. W company should be tacked with these two objectives in mind, and many of the problems will favor the operations manager this is because of the conflicts hence operations manager must attempt to the balanced their basics objectives (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). BMW AREA OF IMPROVEMENT (SUPPLY CHAIN AND CUSTOMER RELATIONS) The services operations at the B. M. W Company are not immune to some problems associated in making services of operations to meet its objectives (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992, pg 3). The designing of the something do limits for existing equipments, capacity and facilities, the product upgrades with the new features do have some significant effects on the operations. With the fixed of the process is highly repeatable and the process can be easily be monitored and varied. The importance of the aspect of the designed concentrates on utilizing and efficiency in addressing the demands valuables and the customer participations. King the customer out do the processes whether it’s possible and adopt the industrial process which is designed the processes which are not involving the customers. Mondy & Premeaux (1992), the production/operations management this is the process in which combines and transforms various resources which are being used in productions. It’s the part of organization which it’s been concerned with the transformation or the range of some inputs into the required field. Operations management strategies at the B. M. W Company is to improve the efficiency and effective of transportation through low cost and management to improve and to program (Megginsion, 1992, pg8). To associates with problems and their limits of current process techniques. Management is a process whereby an essential business functions take place and manager is some who is responsible for people and project together. The two topics includes the general manager’s job this is where manager take his or her ole in leading and managing an enterprise and to be responsible on the company the other one role to determine the long run of all enterprises. The most important role of a manager is to rule the business this is where business need different ways of thinking and way of acting in the business (U. S Departments of Education Institute of Education Sciences, 2009). What makes a manager to organize and also manage his or her he should be competent and he is organized in his dutie s. There are travel demands, these are transporting system management and intelligent transporting systems which improves strategies that do improve mobility. Management quality can certify and help Manufacture Company and put systems and control to ensure few and more profitable business (Megginsion, 1992, pg12). The company that do approach the certification at the end it’s the one whose succeed; effective quality management system its standard of quality (Megginsion, 1992). The standards involve overtime which reelects aspects of the industry. When businesses gets standards quality that when it becomes certified and these show the customers that it’s well practiced and the product they are of high qualities (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). BMW Solutions Business which certifies doesn’t always go on by certification practices which are need to increase their quality. The short-term thinking leads a business in some problem . One particular do challenge the quality management. The old standby quality approach they are six sigma and they change your organization culture to drive strategy and business transformation. This deserves much intensity to all other initiatives that can operate in big companies. The strategic six sigma principles and practices which can help companies they include. This is formulating and new existing business strategies. They also deal with changing and they increase complex of customer requirements, they also facilitate merge and acquisitions. The growing of number of companies beginning to realize the implications caused by six sigma’s; especially engine to accelerate corporate strategies and organizations (U. S Departments of Education Institute of Education Sciences, 2009). The BMW ought to entail below solutions to cub their problems: †¢ To help the company’s top leadership team by implement six sigma and developing a committed team of leader to support. †¢ Thinking and practicing into some strategies and planning. Establishing connections with customer and their large market place where the companies do operates. †¢ Ensures leaders view the companies not as a set of isolated functions or independent. †¢ To develops measures and demands which are tangible results from people in their works. †¢ To be committed in fulltime to the business, aspects of grogram to ensure that work is progressing toward achieving goals and objectives. †¢ Megginsion (1992), the BMW company should avoid to introduce new work processing and product without have relied with your customers through design and development processes. Recommendations By choosing some issues good manager should know that he can able to bring some talents within his organization and he do choose those which have the greatest and which are long term and those one which can make his talents to be more productive. Under ordinary time he will have three or four major objectives during any single period of time. Megginsion (1992). Management is one role that is fast of growing the security market while continuing security to enable to increase attention to identify issues. All managers they perform some same basics functions to make sure the business runs well. Manager is supposed to strive hard to reach al objectives in an organization. As a manager it’s good to make use of your time and the functions of managements are to control in devising way to ensure all plans are being achieved well. As a manager you are responsible to ensure thing of yourself they are running well and they are all correct and measure are being taken (Chase, 2004). Person whose proficiency has applied the competency repeatedly and successfully in their performances of his or her jobs but has much to the advance (Megginsion, 1992). Aspects and behaivior which is associated with the B. M. W Company and operation managements. Person with high level can have knowledge and experience with competency and can apply well on job with any assistance. In this stage one is expert and has experience many careers in his or her own work. To share list of keys people organizes and resources so as to help solving Problems College to have trained or mentor you on how to effectively schedule this skill will lead to the best learned from job which is trained. In informal interview, the manager is involved in with scheduling and attending of meetings with him if it’s possible. To have relations with your customers in your business you can be able to understand their needs and their concerns. Making you available its will direct you to contact with your clients. To rotate your job and assignments of various employees so that you many know how your employee interacts with their customers. As a manager you should be asking assignment in workforce planning. It’s good to spend time observing your work operation so that you may know processes and problems that needs to be solved. As a manager it’s good to have a meeting with your employees so that you can be able to solve tasks with schedules. To make work to be organized and activities to run smoothly and efficiency manager is supposed to be responsible (Chase & Jacobs et al, 2001). Whenever manager of the B. M. W Company move to many places, he develop a network for some information in many different departments. He do keeps the sources and keep them open no matter how high they will be. Skillful manager usually leave members of his organization so that they can judge them and decide which level to inform him. Managers are supposed to respond immediately with a reasonable in various problems and how to overcome them. Another skill is to save time and energy for various issues. For keeping someone informed. About a wide range operation and decisions which are been made in different steps in a company (Chase & Jacobs et al, 2001). The importance of operation management in the B. M. W Company has highly increased the function to enable to increase and improve productivity while providing a broader high quality of the products. The benefits of establishing the standards includes decision making. It’s also requiring thinking outside the organization and use of new technologies and also resolving of the provided mechanisms. A customer is an individual or a group and he can be the process in the organization, this is by providing of some law materials. In Operation management expectations includes cost, time and delivery, the enviroment, level of services, and the quality of the product or services (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). In designing of the products can fail to meet the market expectations in the market. Organization functions they entails addition to setting of the department structures. To compare productions and the services in an operations most services have elements which are based operations integrated with service delivery. The situations which are faced by a service operation manager may be less significant and less encountered by the production and manufacturing manager. The depth of planing and preparation which enable products to be consumed, Customers they see only the delivery of the products and services they are given and some customers may not mind the time that they will take to wait. Some customers will not wait and wait for the responds. The difficulties in stocking a service they include the capacity wasted if not in use. The isolation of the customers is less for services than for goods and when personal services if offered the customers they are more involved. Customers immediate are more less such that the systems are more sensitive and more personal to control (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). Conclusion If the managers do operations of business or organization smoothly and in right order, he will get the benefits in the organization. But if they do not cooperate with his organization well, it will have fewer benefits. In my view point, it will have conclusion on how I can believe my experiences of the operations managements and it’s could be one of my benefits. Also for the B. M. W business to run well it’s should have some inputs and outputs and to make an organization to be successful it’s supposed to have objectives of operations managements of how is speed when doing your work and cost of your varieties and goods (Mondy & Premeaux, 1992). The quality of your goods matters a lot in your organization and your goods it’s good to have better qualities so as to attract more of your customers in your organizations. For a manager is required he or she to be focused in his daily duties and also he should be capable to make the organization to be organized and it’s been operating well (Ames, 1995). In a company foundation it is also more important that is when business have a good start its can enable it to learn well. Manager is responsible to make sure every department its learning well and everybody is well located in his or her own departments. The operations function of B. M. W is responsible in producing the services of goods and managing the supply that would provide the incoming resources. Manager is required to innovate and ensure successful of new products in the market (Ames, 1995). It is the responsibility of the management concerning Operations management strategies at the B. M. W Company to improve the efficiency and effective of transportation through low cost and management to improve its productivity and to program its services world wide. Lastly, the B. M. W Company should try and incorporate the use of internet and e-commerce to market its products to the customers (Chase, 2004). References Ames M. Wilson. (1995). An historical perspective on Operations Management, Production and Inventory Management Journal Chase F. (2004). Operations managements for competitive advantage: Inventory management Journal Chase, F. & Jacobs, N et al. (2001). Operations Management for Competitive Advantage: New York, HarperCollins Megginsion, L. (1992). Management 4th Edition Concepts and Applications: New York, HarperCollins Mondy, R Wayne & Premeaux,Shane R. (1992). Management Concepts, Practices and Skills Seveth Edition. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall U. S Departments of Education Institute of Education Sciences. 2009). Clarifications of Instructional programs (CIP). US, California University Clark, G. and Johnston, R. (2005) BMW, Service Operations Management: Improving Service Delivery, Harlow: Pearson Education. Ohno, T. (1995) Toyota Production System: Beyond Large-scale Production, New York: Productivity Press. Slack, N. , Chambers, S. and Johnston, R. (2004) BMW, Operations Management (4th Edition), Har low: Pearson Education. Chase, R. , Jacobs, R. and Aquilano, N. (2005) Operations Management for Competitive Advantage (11th Edition) New York: McGraw-Hill. Ackerman, K. B. 1997, Practical Handbook of Warehousing, 4th Ed. , Chapman & Hall. (ISBN 0412125110). Ballou, R. H. , 1998, Business Logistics Management: Planning, Organizing, and Controlling the Supply Chain, 4th Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0137956592). Blanchard, B. S. , 1998, BMW, Logistics Engineering and Management, 5th Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0139053166). Bowersox, D. J. and D. J. Closs, 1996, Logistical Management: The Integrated Supply Chain Process, McGraw Hill, (ISBN 0070068836). Christopher, M. and H. Peck, 1997, Marketing Logistics, Butterworth-Heinemann, (ISBN 0750622091). Council of Logistics Management (CLM), 1998 Bibliography of Logistics Training Aids, prepared by R. L. Cook (Central Michigan University), CLM, 2805 Butterfield Rd. , Suite 200, Oak Brook, IL 60523. Copacino, W. C. , 1997, BMW, Supply Chain Management: The Basics and Beyond, The St. Lucie Press/Apics Series on Resource Management. Coyle, J. J. and E. J. Bardi, 1998, Transportation, South-Western Pub. , (ISBN 0538881801). Coyle, J. J. , E. J. Bardi, and C. J. Langley, 1996, The Management of Business Logistics, 6th Ed. , West/Wadsworth, (ISBN 0314065075). Coyle, J. J. , E. J. Bardi, and R. A. 1994,Novack, Transportation, 4th Ed. ,West/Wadsworth (ISBN 0314028536). Glaskowsky, N. A. , D. R. Hudson, and R. M. Ivie, 1992, Business Logistics, 3rd Ed. , Wadsworth Pub, (ISBN 0534510353). Handfield, R. B. and E. Z. Nichols, 1998, Introduction to Supply Chain Management, Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0136216161). Kasilingam, 1999, R. G. , Logistics and Transportation: Design and Planning, Kluwer Academic Pub. , (ISBN 0412802902). Lambert, D. M. , J. R. Stock, L. M. Ellram, and J. Stockdale, 1997, Fundamentals of Logistics Management, McGraw Hill, (ISBN 0256141177). Langford, J. W. , 1994, Logistics: Principles and Applications, McGraw Hill, (ISBN 007036415X). Leenders, M. R. , Purchasing and Materials Management, 10th Ed. , McGraw Hill, 1992 (ISBN 0256103348). Nerseian, R. L. and G. B. Swartz, 1996, Computer Simulation in Logistics, Quorum Books, (ISBN 0899309852). Orsburn, D. K. , 1991, BMW, Spares Management Handbook, Tab Books, (ISBN 0830676260). Patton, J. D. , 1986, Logistics Technology and Management: The New Approach- A Comprehensive Handbook for Commerce, Industry, Government, Solomon Press, (ISBN 0934623023). Pooler, V. H. and D. Pooler, 1997, Purchasing and Supply Management: Creating the Vision, Chapman & Hall, (ISBN 0412106019). Robeson, J. F. (Preface) and W. C. Copacino (Editor), 1994, The Logistics Handbook, Free Press, (ISBN 0029265959). Kidd, P. T. and W. Karwowski (Editors), 1995, Advances in Agile Manufacturing: Integrating Technology, Organization and People, IOS Press, (ISBN 9051991762). McMahon, C. and J. Browne, 1998, CADCAM: , Principles, Practice and Manufacturing Management, 2nd Ed. , Addison-Wesley, (ISBN 0201178192). Ross, P. J. 1995, Taguchi Techniques for Quality Engineering: Loss Function, Orthogonal Experiments, Parameter and Tolerance Design, 2nd Ed. , McGraw Hill, (ISBN 0070539588). Tompkins, J. A. , Y. A. Bozer, E. Frazelle, J. Tanchoco, and J. White, 1996, Facilities Planning, 2nd Ed. , John Wiley & Sons, (ISBN 0471002526). Eppen, G. D. , 1998, Introductory Management Science, Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0536012024). Evans, J. R. , 1996, Production/Operations Managemen t: Quality, Performance, and Value, 5th Ed. , West/Wadsworth, (ISBN 0314062475). Hillier, F. S. and G. J. Lieberman, 1995, Introduction to Operations Research, 6th Ed. McGraw Hill, (ISBN 0078414474). Krajewski, L. J. and L. P. Ritzman, Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, 5th Ed. , Addison-Wesley, 1998 (ISBN 0201331187). Taha, H. A. , 1996, BMW, Operations Research: An Introduction, 6th Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0132729156). Canada, J. R. , W. G. Sullivan, and J. A. White, 1996, Capital Investment Analysis for Engineering and Management, 2nd Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0133110362). Fabrycky, W. J. and B. S. Blanchard, 1991, Life-Cycle Cost and Economic Analysis, Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0135383234). Fabrycky, W. J. , G. J. Thuesen, and D. Verma, 1997, Economic Decision Analysis, Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0133702499). Grant, E. L. , W. G. Ireson, and R. S. Leavenworth, 1990, Principles of Engineering Economy, 8th Ed. , John Wiley & Sons, (ISBN 047163526X). Ostwald, P. F. , 1992, BMW, Engineering Cost Estimating, 3rd Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0132766272). Stewart, R. D. , 1991, Cost Estimating, 2nd Ed. , John Wiley & Sons, (ISBN 0471857076). Thuesen G. J. and W. J. Fabrycky, 1993, BMW, Engineering Economy, 8th Ed. , Prentice Hall, (ISBN 0132799286).

Immigration Essays - United States, Human Migration, Free Essays

Immigration Essays - United States, Human Migration, Free Essays Immigration For many immigration to the United States would be a new beginning during 19th to early 20th century. There were many acts and laws to limit the number immigrating to the United States. Many of these acts were due to prejudice and misunderstanding of a culture. One such act was the Chinese Exclusion Act. Form this one act many immigration laws and acts were made against foreigners. They hoped to control the number of immigrants arriving on the American shores. The Chinese Exclusion Act of May 6, 1882 was just the beginning. This act was the turning point of the U.S. immigration policies, although it only directly affected a small group of people. Prior to the Chinese Exclusion Act there was no significant number of free immigrants that had been barred from the country. Once the Chinese Exclusion Act had been in acted, further limitations on the immigration of ethnic groups became standard procedure for more than eight decades. Irish catholic, Mexican, and other races were not allowed the same freedoms that others were allowed. Even after a family had been here for generations there were not given the same freedoms. Since the arrival of the first Chinese Immigrants, racist hostility towards the Chinese always existed. They were predominantly male laborers, concentrated in California. They were vital to the development of western mining, transportation, and agriculture. Other races were also discriminated against, the Irish were not allowed to get jobs or live in certain areas of the cities. By 1880, the great fear of German-speaking and Irish-Catholic immigrants was over. Employers, who still sought worker-immigrants, and not just temporary workers, looked increasingly to southern and eastern Europe. When Italians, Greeks, Turks, Russians, Slavs, and Jews arrived in the United States in numbers, however, new anxieties arose about making Americans of so many different kinds of strangers. An 1880 this act gave the United States the one sided right to mandate to limit or even stop the immigration of Chinese laborers. In effect canceling the right of the Chinese to enter the country. Congress quickly complied and made a ten-year bill that the President signed on May 6, 1882. While exempting teachers, students, merchants, and tourists the Act suspended immigration of Chinese laborers for ten years. The law was renewed for a second ten-year period in 1892 and then made permanent in 1902. Chinese Exclusion Act had set a pattern for many other immigration laws and acts to come. The Immigration Act of March 3, 1891 was the first comprehensive law for national control of immigration. It established the Bureau of Immigration under the Treasury Department to administer all immigration laws (except the Chinese Exclusion Act). This Immigration Act also added to the inadmissible classes. The people in these classes were inadmissible to enter into the United States. The people in these classes were, those suffering from a contagious disease, and persons convicted of certain crimes. The Immigration Act of March 3, 1903 and The Immigration Act of February 20, 1907 added further categories to the inadmissible list. Immigrants were screened for their political beliefs. Immigrants who were believed to be anarchists or those who advocated the overthrow of government by force or the assassination of a public officer was deported. This act was made mainly do to the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901. On February 5, 1917 another immigration act was made. This Act categorized all previous exclusion provisions and added the exclusion of illiterate aliens form entering into the United States. This Act made Mexicans inadmissible. It insisted that all aliens pay a head tax of $8 dollars. However, because of the high demand for labor in the southwest, months later congress let Mexican workers to stay in the U.S. under supervision of state government for six-month periods. The Gold Rush in California brought a large influx of Chinese laborers and was ended abruptly by the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882. In between this time Thousands of Chinese immigrated or traveled freely from China and San Francisco. They were mostly young male peasants that left their villages to become contract laborers in the American West. They were recruited to extract minerals and metals, construct a vast railroad network, reclaim

Irish Drinking Toasts and Quotes

Irish Drinking Toasts and Quotes Frank Sinatra said, Alcohol may be mans worst enemy, but the Bible says love your enemy. Well, the Irish certainly love their drink. Is it any wonder then that even their coffee has alcohol? You can see the Irish fondness for alcohol in Irish drinking quotes and toasts. It is tough not to be intoxicated with these Irish drinking quotes. Ed McMahon God invented whiskey to keep the Irish from ruling the world. Winston Churchill We have always found the Irish a bit odd. They refuse to be English. Barry McCaffrey When I get a very generous introduction like that I explain that Im emotionally moved, but on the other hand Im Irish and the Irish are very emotionally moved. My mother is Irish and she cries during beer commercials. Irish Quote When we drink, we get drunk. When we get drunk, we fall asleep. When we fall asleep, we commit no sin. When we commit no sin, we go to Heaven. So, lets all get drunk and go to heaven. Irish Proverb Drink is the curse of the land. It makes you fight with your neighbor. It makes you shoot at your landlord and it makes you miss him. Alex Levine Only Irish coffee provides in a single glass all four essential food groups:alcohol, caffeine, sugar, and fat. Noel Gallagher I wouldn’t be here if it wasn’t for my Mum. I know Ive got Irish blood because I wake up every day with a hangover. Author Unknown For every wound, a balm.For every sorrow, cheer.For every storm, a calm.For every thirst, a beer. Oscar Wilde Work is the curse of the drinking class. Irish Drinking Toasts Heres to me, and heres to you,And heres to love and laughter –Ill be true as long as you,And not one moment after. ~ May your glass be ever full,May the roof over your head be always strong,And may you be in heavenHalf an hour before the devil knows youre dead.

Fee-Based Higher Education Essay

Fee-Based Higher Education Essay Fee-Based Higher Education Essay Education plays a significant role in human life. People spend about 12 years at schools, and about 4-6 years in colleges. Almost everyone, sooner or later, confronts the issue of continuing his education. Some people go to a college just in order to get a formal document – a bachelor diploma. Others relate to future profession as a matter of the whole life, connecting their future with education. The development of human capital is the basis of the modern industry of higher education. If education is the most valuable wealth, then, what is the level of its availability? Does one have to pay for his education, or is it the duty of the state? I consider that higher education has to be fee-paid because in this case it would increase the authority of higher education and its quality. In the recent time, education in colleges, as private, as state ones, becomes more and more expensive. In the USA, tuition fee varies from five to forty thousand dollars per year. Although, poor students are given generous scholarships, they are often not enough for the students of the middle classes, whose family lose most of their income. However, I consider that higher education has to be fee-based on several main reasons. The obvious argument and example of this fact is the comparison of secondary and higher education in the USA. Secondary education, which is free of fee and general, does not get even an average level. Meanwhile, the higher education, which is fee-paid and expensive, is one of the best in the world. Thus, it is impossible to provide a high-qualified free education in the country of such size. In some European countries, where education is free, the level of taxes is very high. It leads to the conclusion that education is good in the countries where the taxes are very high, or where education is fee-paid. Such American universities as Harvard University (Cambridge, Massachusetts), Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut), Stanford University (Stanford, California), Princeton University (Princeton, New Jersey), are among the best universities over the world. These educational establishments have been recognized as ones of the best over the globe. Meanwhile, education is very expensive there. For example, the fee for education can get about forty thousand dollars per year and more in Harvard University. This fact proves that the most high-qualified education is fee-paid. Such education is valuable and respected in every place. The fee-paid education significantly reduces the availability of higher education. When a person pays serious money for something, then he would take it much more responsible. The opponents of fee-paid higher education state that if higher education is fee-paid, then, it would not be available to everyone. It means that people from poor or middle-class families will not have a possibility to get a higher education. I consider that quality of education will be better, than general education, which is presupposed for everybody. First of all, higher education is not necessary for everyone. People, who want to get a job, are used to go to the colleges. Meanwhile, the employers usually demand higher education, not because it is really necessary for them, but because it has become common. The vast majority of people do not use higher mathematics in the work. They even very rarely use the high school level math. How many times have you applied mathematical integral in the work? Of course, if you are not an engineer or a scientist. Nowadays, higher education is the usual formality. But its not explained that education is bad, and that only a small percentage of people working in the certain areas, really need it. Many vacancies demand only the fact of the presence of higher education. Very often they do not even specify the area, in which it was obtained or success in the study. In many new areas, employers do not even need the higher education, and they are not interested in the formal education. For example, in the field of the informational technologies, the specialists only can show their professional knowledge and abilities to get the job. So, there are two main points, which prove that higher education has to be fee-paid. The first point is that higher education is not necessary for everyone. Most of the people use it only as formality, which devalues ​​the education system as a whole, creating a lot of mediocre educational establishments. The second point is that higher education works good when it is fee-paid. It is good for students, which receive a qualified service, and for the instructors, which get good salaries. Payment for higher education automatically creates its elite status. It does not mean its unavailability for everyone, but elitism, which causes a wish to pay for it. Higher education is a service, which can be consumed or not by a human according to the planned way of life. As any other service, which needs to be high quality, it has to be fee-paid. Visit essay writing service to get custom essays on Higher Education topics. Our writers guarantee high quality and plagiarism-free!

Debate] about should voters approve some particular measure that Essay

Debate] about should voters approve some particular measure that allows some state or county to regulate legalized prostitution - Essay Example The first group is represented by proponents of the so-called proposition K (a measure to decriminalize prostitution) who also agree on the necessity of legalization and subsequent regulation. The members of this group suggest a variety of measures that would help regulate prostitution as a legalized business in the United States. The second group is represented by the opponents to the Proposition K and to legalization of prostitution in the United States. For this group, the question of the prostitution regulation by law does not exist as they oppose the very idea of its decriminalization and legalization of â€Å"the world’s oldest profession† (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). This paper explores the arguments of both groups using the Toulmin model and provides a justified perspective on the issue. Firstly, the rhetorical situation is considered as the phenomenon of prostitution is discussed in the context of modern American society and i ts status. Next, the arguments of each side are analyzed with the help of the Toulmin model, which will help to reveal the common backing. Further, the author’s perspective on the issue will be discussed. ... In addition, it is alleged that the illegal status of prostitution has prevented women from working in safe conditions and urged them to work in the streets. Also, illegal prostitution, which is deemed a misdemeanor, incurs millions of tax dollars to be spent on investigation and prosecution of this criminal offense. To illustrate, statistic data show that Los Angeles spends around 100 million dollars a year to deal with prostitution (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). Besides, it was estimated that nearly a half of illegal prostitutes in New York City and Washington D.C. were HIV-positive back in the 1990s (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). Proponents of prostitution legalization and regulation warrant that legalization and regulation of prostitution is beneficial in many ways. They back their statement by saying that legalized brothels, with strict regulation by the state, in combination with severe penalties for the so-calle d johns that seek sex in the streets, will prevent human trafficking, spread of infections, and victimization of prostitutes (Lee & Persson 1). While it can be said that prostitution is a morally challenging occupation that promotes the decay of norms and values in the society and does not deserve decriminalization and legalization, it remains a fact that to use the services of sex workers or not is a personal choice of each of us. In addition, some people oppose the idea that legalized and regulated prostitution will help reduce victimization of prostitutes pointing out that the black market will still exist and keep recruiting girls from poor nations, the fraction of involuntary prostitutes as

Operation Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Operation Management - Assignment Example The location would provide greater benefits to the company as there is significant demand for printing related services. Correspondingly, the aspect of quality control and capacity planning have been emphasised as they would enable the printing organisation to ensure quality outcomes. Part 1: Introduction The growing demand of the printing industry has inspired in strategizing a business plan related to printing. The business is based in the city of Madinat Zayed in the UAE to meet the market demand and benefit from the business in the future years. Al Gharbia Printing Centre will be based on the concept of partnership, where the capital for the business will be provided by every member. The business will be headed by three partners; one of the partners will focus on the operational aspects and the others on the marketing. The intention for the business to set up was the profit making perspective and the demand. The printing service will be small in nature with nearly 30 employees in the initial years. The factors that influenced the business idea regarding the printing were the market trend and the growing demand in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The growing economy of the country, the future market growth prospects and the present market need of the business have influenced the choice of the business. The printing services as planned by the partners would offer cards, brochures, booklets, envelops, business forms and catalogues to meet the demand of the market and to attain its unique position. The easy availability of the raw material and the location of the business selected in the UAE would prove to be of advantage to the business. Moreover, the business can be beneficial as the printing service would provide assistance to the other industries by fulfilling their requirements of cards, catalogues and brochures (Palo Alto Software, 2013). Mission The missions of the Al Gharbia Printing Centre are as follows: To ensure satisfaction to the clients Creation o f more value through better services Promoting the cultural communication for the up gradation of the society Ensuring creativity and design in serving the public To influence the growth of the people working in the organisation Employing high standards Ensuring reliability, ethical practises and professionalism Ensuring timely delivery of services Goal of the Company The goal of the business is to develop relationship with clients. Working together with the client and gaining trust would facilitate in the delivering better services. Providing satisfaction to the customer is the primary goal of the business. Attainment of the long-term goals by providing quality services through Al Gharbia Printing Centre business will be the utmost objective. The business strategy for the success of the business is based on the mission, goals and objectives of the business. The business strategy to be used is to analyse the market and the target segments. The target market segment strategy is to be followed in which the focus of the company will be to satisfy the requirements of the small organizations. The reason for selecting this strategy is because the primarily aim to would to work at small level and gradually grow towards satisfying larger organisations’ demand. The business depends on the knowledge of the print vendor they rely upon. The main area of the marketing strategy would be face-to-face contact with the individuals. The pricing and the promotion

Spanish immigrantion to United States from 1800's to the 1865 Essay

Spanish immigrantion to United States from 1800's to the 1865 - Essay Example The aim of this paper is to analyze the Spanish immigration from 1800 to 1865 in the lights of broad and diverse academic resources. Furthermore, it will analyze the impact of Spanish immigration on the economics of United States. As mentioned earlier, United States of America was the land of opportunities for the Spanish immigrants. The main aim of the Spanish immigrants was to find jobs in order to improve their living conditions. In the eighteen century, Spanish speaking countries had weak markets with extremely low wages. Some of them were experiencing political and economic stability and did not have jobs. Thus, Spanish immigrants moved to United States. During that time, Spanish immigrants were in demand because they possessed â€Å"good work ethic and little political voice† (Bankston & Hidalgo, 45). The creation and introduction of the steam engine in the nineteenth century called for the need of labor in order to place and put the track. Therefore, Spanish immigrants were allowed to migrate to USA. The invention and adoption of railway transport changed the structure of the United States in the nineteenth century. It concentrated on creating working opportunities and therefore, United States became the hub for immigration. Large number of Spanish immigrants migrated to US because of better working conditions and better wages as compared to their country of origin (Alexander, 159). The Spanish immigration proved to be beneficial for US in terms of economics as Spanish labor was readily available. Throughout the 1800s, Spanish immigrants were employed in construction industries, steel industry, etc. The expansion of rail road business meant for railway tracks and soon, majority of the Spanish immigrants were employed as labors in placing railway tracks. They also entered the agricultural domain and continued to work in industries. Research suggests that from 1800 to

Defining toughness in college hoops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Defining toughness in college hoops - Essay Example It is evident from the study that Jay Bilas, the author of the article â€Å"Defining toughness in college hoops† clarified that his original perception of toughness was â€Å"physical and based on how much punishment I could dish out and how much I could take†. Therefore, by using explicit description of what toughness was not necessarily what it obviously means, the author started establishing his arguments using narration, description, and comparison. For example, the guidelines expounded on setting a good screen, the author defined what it takes for basketball players to manifest the necessary actions in terms of â€Å"improving the chances for a teammate to get open†¦and greatly improving your chances of getting open. A good screen can force the defense to make a mistake†. In contrast, setting a bad screen was not effectively described. The only explanation provided was that â€Å"a lazy or bad screen is a waste of everyone's time and energy†. Th e definition is lacking and insufficient to clearly differentiate disparity with an effective strategy. In addition, as readers get to evaluate the guidelines, it was apparent that the author did not provide an effective structure or logical format of presentation. In this regard, there is failure to use logical reasoning. The guidelines, though effective in the entirety, could have been presented in a more logical structure that categorizes the topics in sub-headings. For example, the author explained â€Å"set a good screen† and another topic as â€Å"don’t get screened†. These topics could actually be lumped together under ‘techniques for effective screening’. ... Another example is the author’s discussion on: â€Å"jump to the ball† (Bilas 2) and â€Å"play the ball, see your man† (Bilas 3); which could again be discussed in one sub-heading that could be entitled ‘tough ways of handling the ball’. The guidelines were apparently written in no particular order and could have been presented depending on the ideas that came to the author’s mind. It could be rationalized though that since the author knew that the article was specifically written with basketball enthusiasts, particularly players, as the audience of his discourse, the style, format or structure would not be examined and critiqued to diminish the veracity of the contents. However, considering that the author was duly established as a renowned basketball analyst, his credibility in providing the information was rightfully validated. Further, as indicated from the discourse, his personal experiences playing â€Å"in the ACC, for USA Basketball, in NBA training camps, and as a professional basketball player in Europe† (Bilas 1) has proven that he was acquired vast authority in to relay competency in the topic. The ability to conform to ethos due to his reputable background made his contentions and arguments valid. Finally, the article’s ability to more the audience through eliciting emotional appeal could be viewed as effective. The main support to validate the author’s success was his narrative discourse attesting that when he initially wrote a short blog on the topic, the response was â€Å"overwhelming. Dozens of college basketball coaches called to tell me that they had put the article up in the locker room, put it in each player's locker, or had gone over it in detail with

Public speaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Public speaking - Essay Example Nicole, personal communication, October 2, 2014). However, the third person said that although he may experience a specific amount of fear especially based on the size of the crowd, this feeling gradually disappears as the speech proceeds (E. Jason, personal communication, October 2, 2014). This is because he gains more confidence. He also added that this adjustment is determined by the reaction of the crowd. Personally, I am not afraid to speak in public. This is because I have had adequate exposure throughout my life. I began by having short speeches during family gatherings when I was young. In addition, I do not attempt to make perfect conversations. Instead, I talk freely without intending to please the audience. This turns out on my favor because I find myself pleasing the audience without intending to do so directly. Nevertheless, at times, I may develop some fear especially if the crowd is huge. During such instances, I refer to personal cognitive therapy by performing activi ties that may boost my confidence such as performing deep breathing exercises prior to appearing before the

Dominican Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dominican Republic - Essay Example Many local people, knowing there destiny fled fearing the Europeans and later on formed there own colonies, called the Maroon colonies. The colonizers brought in another change, they imported the black people and slavery was one of the most predominant features at that time. But all this changed because of the Haitian Liberation, this made sure that slavery was completely abolished from the country, as a result of which, the blacks having no where to go settled on in the country. This is the history of the country, which saw many a change taking place. The people of Dominican Republic are masters when it comes to indirect communication, they firmly believe in maintaining a good relationship with as many people as they possibly can. The people of the Dominican Republic consider themselves to be more Latin American than Caribbean. The situation of the country as of now is quite bad; the people are struggling to fight against the corrupt people, who are currently in power. Spanish is spoken in the country and the people are very proud of the purity of Spanish they speak in the country. The flag of the country is designed in such a manner that it shows national pride and patriotism. The flag consists of the colors red and blue which indicate the blood of the people who gave up their lives and liberty respectively. The Dominican coat of arms can be found in the centre of the flag. "A recent national symbol, constructed in 1992, is the Columbus Lighthouse. It was a work project conceived of by President Joaqun Balaguer when he was 85 ye ars old and blind. It is an enormous cross, flat on the ground, facing the sky and bursting with lights, and was built as a tourist attraction." (Every Culture, 14 August, 2008). The light house is in an area where there is utter poverty; people live in despair, without any electricity and without many more basic necessities. The light house is a very big attraction and can even be seen burning brightly from Puerto Rico. The native people are called the Tianos; Columbus was well greeted when he first arrived in the country. These Tianos were peace loving people and lived in the tropical forest. These Tianos lives in make shift homes and many families lived under the same roof. The villages were further subdivided into districts, each district had a chief, who took care if that particular district. During this time there was no slavery in the country and it was free from all other evils too. The Tianos were very good at growing crops, specially the root crops. They also dug and used it as ornaments. Columbus kept a close eye on the gold digging skills of the Tianos and thought that he had a good chance of paying his debts to the king and queen of Spain. The culture of the Tianos is not very clearly presented because nearly all the Tianos died after three decades of Columbus's visit to the country. Columbus is known the world over for his navigating skills but he failed in dominating these Tainos, inst ead of farming he made them dig in pursuit of gold. The natives died, as there were torturous condition, food was not available in plenty and the population decreased. The country also saw the invasion of the United States of America from 1916 to 1924. The dominance of the United States brought many changes, for instance during the rule many new classes of land owners emerged and the country also sa

Public speaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Public speaking - Essay Example Nicole, personal communication, October 2, 2014). However, the third person said that although he may experience a specific amount of fear especially based on the size of the crowd, this feeling gradually disappears as the speech proceeds (E. Jason, personal communication, October 2, 2014). This is because he gains more confidence. He also added that this adjustment is determined by the reaction of the crowd. Personally, I am not afraid to speak in public. This is because I have had adequate exposure throughout my life. I began by having short speeches during family gatherings when I was young. In addition, I do not attempt to make perfect conversations. Instead, I talk freely without intending to please the audience. This turns out on my favor because I find myself pleasing the audience without intending to do so directly. Nevertheless, at times, I may develop some fear especially if the crowd is huge. During such instances, I refer to personal cognitive therapy by performing activi ties that may boost my confidence such as performing deep breathing exercises prior to appearing before the

Leadership & Ethics- Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Leadership Ethics- Research Paper Essay Introduction With the collapse of major corporations like Enron, Tyco International, WorldCom and the like, corporate corruption and mismanagement has been in the forefront of some of the major issues that corporate organizations have to overcome and manage. With this research paper, my aim is to review and present three scholarly journals that highlight the impact that leadership can play on the ethical performance of an organization. Firstly, in the â€Å"Cultural Leadership Predictors of Corporate Social Responsibility Values of Top Management: A GLOBE Study of 15 Countries†, the study states, that with the spread of globalization, it has become imperative to understand managerial values that guide their actions. The authors suggest that the three main dimensions of managerial values that are relevant to the study of CSR are: shareholder/owner values where the aim is to maximize profits, stakeholder relations which refers to ethical and positive relations towards employees, consumer groups and the like and thirdly, community/state welfare which is based on the principle of public responsibility. In a more in-depth analysis the study explores the correlation of societal culture factors such as institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism and power distance on the above three managerial values that impacts managerial decision making. Furthermore, the paper proposes that visionary leadership and integrity enhances corporate social responsibility (CSR) values on moral and ethical grounds. Secondly,† The Association Between Ethical Leadership Employee Outcomes – The Malaysian Case† will help understand the value in gaining employee commitment and trust through effective ethical leadership skills. This article studies the impact of ethical leadership on the employee outcomes in areas such as organizational commitment and trust. A micro study was done on the country of Malaysia which has experienced a tenfold increase in corporate crime over the last 15 years. From the study one gathers that the main reason for such an exponential increase in such crimes is due to fact of the failures on part of corporate leadership to act ethically in their decision making process. Lastly, with â€Å"Leadership Styles the Moral Choice of Internal Auditors† I will examine how an employee’s self interest and management leadership guides their ethical decision making. This study plays close attention to one set of an organization’s workers the Internal Auditing professionals, in order to understand the how their choice in making ethical decisions are subjective to various factors , one of them being leadership. The primary viewpoint of this study indicated that an auditor’s decision making is enhanced by the leaders who adopt a standard achievement oriented leadership style and when they see clear benchmarking, fair performance assessment and growth opportunity. In conclusion, this can be held true for any employee within an organization. Hypothesis According to the GLOBE study, there were three main hypotheses that the researches proposed. The first hypothesis testing was split in two parts wherein, they proposed that â€Å"societies stressing institutional collectivist values will have a positive relationship with stakeholder’s relations and community/state welfare CSR values while societies stressing in-group collectivist values will only have a positive relationship with shareholder relations CSR values (Waldman et al).† The second theory states that cultures that have a high power distance tend to have low CSR values (Waldman et al). Lastly, visionary leadership and integrity on part of CEO’s, adds variance to the prediction of followers (stakeholders) CSR values that go beyond the effects of societal cultural values (Waldman et al). With the Leadership and Employee Outcome – The Malaysian Case, the two main hypotheses of the study were based on the notion that â€Å"there was a significant relationship between ethical leadership behaviour and employee’s organizational commitment and, that ethical leadership behaviour was positively associated with employee’s trust in leaders (Ponnu, Tennakoon).† This study aimed to examine the empirical significance of ethical leadership on employee attitudinal outcomes. The main hypothesis of the â€Å"Leadership Styles the Moral Choice of Internal Auditors† study was to understand the motivational factors that influence internal auditors when faced with ethical dilemmas pertaining to â€Å"spilt loyalty, expectation gaps and conflict of interest (Woodbine , Liu).† The authors proposed that the dependent and independent variables such as â€Å" personal needs strengths, leadership styles, the interaction between needs strength and leadership styles and situational factors impact an internal auditors moral choices when faced with an ethical issue (Woodbine , Liu).† Sampling In the GLOBE research paper the selected firms were picked from diverse sectors such manufacturing, information systems and tourism, however government run and educational institutions were excluded from the sample. Each firm had an average of 500 employees with six or more respondents from each firm. The final analysis was based on the responses of 561 firms from over 15 countries from various regions and a total of 4656 individuals completed the survey. The respondents comprised of CEO’s and several of their subordinates i.e. top executives. The leadership (two variables- vision and integrity) and societal cultural dimensions (three variables – institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism and power distance) were measured using reliability and confirmatory factor analyses. Cronback’s alpha for the above measures ranged from 0.70 to 0.90 for a five factor model. A two factor model was also used however it was not considered to be a good enough of fit. Control Variables such per capita gross domestic product, firms performance, average of age of respondents, average education and average gender, were used to enhance precision of the model (Waldman et al). Mean, standard deviations and correlations amongst the variables were interpreted and a hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the three main hypotheses. All survey items were standardized by country using Z – scores, so as to control potential differences in items scores and rating processes between countries (Waldman et al). Lastly various data collection strategies were put in to play in order to avoid single source bias issues. The Malaysian cross sectional case study was based on the primary data collected from 172 intermediate managerial employees from a wide variety of industries within the corporate sector in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The sample included 77 males and 97 females, age range from 20 to 53 and with 84% of the respondents holding bachelors or post graduate degrees. The data was collected through self administered questionnaires and â€Å"convenience sampling was used in drawing samples ((Ponnu, Tennakoon).† SPSS Version 14.0 was used to analyze the data and test the studies hypothesis. Correlation matrix and reliability analysis was done all variables to determine relationships among constructs and lastly in order to allow for correlation amongst factors,† exploratory factor analysis using principle components with oblique rotations was conducted (Ponnu, Tennakoon).† With the Internal Auditors case study, the sample population description comprised of full time internal auditing jobs with respondents that had at least one year experience with their respective organizations. The study was conducted in Australia and comprised of mailed out questionnaires. The total sample size was 128. The demographics were as follows: 84 males and 44 females, average male age 44 years and average female age of 36 years. Out of the 128 respondents, 48 of them were audit managers of equivalent. Organizations involved in the sampling were government departments, private sector and accounting firms. Statistical methods that were employed included correlation analysis for the dependent variables using a two tailed test and significant relationship amongst the three variables was found to exist and Q-Q plots and detrended normal plots were used to validate normality and reliability. For the independent variables such as leadership styles, growth needs and the like principal component analysis was used. Reverser measurement and regression analysis using stepwise method was used to explore relationships between the variables and in certain instances to test validity of model. Major Results Findings From the two GLOBE tables listed below the hypothesis that in-group collectivist values results in positive shareholder/owner is unconfirmed. The statistical analysis has confirmed and supported the authors proposal in that institutional collectivism positively predicts stakeholder CSR values, with a positive ÃŽ ² coefficient of 0.13 (P ≠¤ 0.01); power distance is negatively predictive of stakeholder CSR values, with a ÃŽ ² coefficient of -0.20; and that the leadership variables of vision and integrity enhanced CSR values, with ÃŽ ² coefficients of 0.23 and 0.13 respectively and variance of 9% (P ≠¤ 0.01) (Waldman et al). With GLOBE table 2, total variance amongst the three main managerial values are: shareholder/owner dimension equals 22%, stakeholder values is 45% and community/state welfare is 28% with a 5% significance level. Hence the model best suits stakeholder CSR values. The main findings with the GLOBE study are as follows: 1.The authors multidimensional of managerial values with the dimensions of shareholder/owners, stakeholders and community/state welfare values were appropriately construed. 2.The research indicates that manager from wealthier countries are more inclined to favor shareholder/owners values and less likely to consider the welfare of the state or community at large. In comparison, managers from poorer countries feel a greater personal responsibility towards society. 3.Managers from institutional collectivist societies tend to have greater value for the three managerial values while there has been no significant relationship between the two variables for in-group collectivism. 4.In societal cultures that have great power distance, managers tend to devalue CSR values, thus leading to a more manipulative use of power with little consideration given to stakeholders such as employees, customers, environmentalist. This could pose a definite risk for multinational firms in today’s global economy. 5.Organization variables such as CEO leadership in terms of vision and integrity are very likely to account for variance in managerial attitudes and decision making. One of the major recommendations of the GLOBE study is the need for multinational firms to pay close attention to cultural and leadership factors that have a critical impact on management CSR values. For example CSR values and policies of a multinational firm could be strong and this may be due to the home country’s high institutional collectivism and low power distance however managers in a subsidiary country may have weaker stakeholder CSR values as a result of weak institutional collectivism and high power distance (Waldman et al). The resulting scenario could lead to conflicting policies and business practices that can have an adverse effect on multinational firms. This further reiterates the authors’ proposal that in cases such as this, it’s the firm’s leadership values of integrity and vision that help managers look beyond the economic and cultural limitations. In the Malaysian case as mentioned earlier, correlation analysis was preformed to test strength and linear relationship amongst the variables. With the first hypothesis there was a medium positive correlation between ethical leadership behaviour and organizational commitment. The Malaysian Table 1 below shows correlations r = .46 and p .0 5 and, co-efficient of distribution is 21% of the variance, which can be explained. Hence with the supporting empirical data the research shows that â€Å"high levels of perceived ethical leadership behaviour are associated with higher levels of employee’s organizational commitment (Ponnu, Tennakoon).† As for the second hypothesis, there was a strong positive correlation between ethical leadership behaviour and employee trust. The Malaysian Table 2 below shows correlations r = .634 and p .0 5 and, co-efficient of distribution is 40% of the variance, which can be explained. Hence with the above results supporting hypothesis 2, it can be safely concluded that â€Å"high levels of perceived ethical leadership associated with higher levels of employee’s trust in leaders (Ponnu, Tennakoon).† Some of the main antecedents to the Malaysian case findings are as follows: 1.If leaders make ethics a cornerstone of all business practices they gain internal organizational fellowship and employees tend to value a more social exchange with the organization rather than an economic exchange. Employees reciprocate these sentiments through organizational behavioral commitment and are â€Å"willing to exert considerable effort in terms of job dedication and job commitment, on behalf of the organization (Ponnu, Tennakoon).† 2.When an organizational leader priortizes the group’s interest first, who does not wish to seek personal gain at the expense of others, who respects the rights of others and treats them fairly; tends to harness employees trust. 3.When leaders empower employees and involve them in decision making processes they not only facilitate employee well being and growth but increases their trust in them as well. With the Internal Auditors case the major findings of the study support Path goal and ERG theories (Woodbine, Liu). As per the table below, internal auditors are motivated to make ethical decisions based on their personal growth needs. Leadership styles play a significant role as well especially Standard achievement oriented approach that encourages individual performance and achievement (Woodbine, Liu). Lastly gender, age and experienced was an important predictor, as female respondents that were younger and less experienced showed less motivation towards making moral ethical choices. Conclusion The GLOBE study has been extremely informative and clearly structured to provide an in-depth understanding of how societal cultural factors and leadership guide managerial values when it comes to decision making within an organization. Some of the key limitations to the study were that the analyses were limited to 15 countries and the surveyed firms did not represent a wide range of industries (Waldman et al). Actual CSR performance was not measured and lastly, due to multiple levels of data to be collected, additional insight could not be gained. The study indicates that even though leadership integrity is a significant and unique predictor of managerial CSR values, it remains to be an under researched variable. This may be due to the fact that leadership integrity is associated with more tangible organizational outcomes such as reductions of business of costs. However, the authors still believe that it a significant factor that enhances managerial decision making and is worth future examination and research. My personal opinion would also include a more directed research towards in-group collectivism in order to find a relationship between individualistic societies and importance of CSR values towards society at large. The study concluded that, organizations that have strong corporate social responsibility values gain the trust of both internal and external stakeholder which in turn solidifies the foundations for an ethical culture. It also states that Neo – charismatic leadership that is guided by the principles of visionary leadership and integrity have a strong impact on an organization’s ethical performance. The Association Between Ethical Leadership Employee Outcomes – The Malaysian Case† study showed me a direct link between leadership ethical behavior on employee commitment and trust. It empirically proved that unethical leadership can adversely impact employee outcomes that in turn affect organizational performance. I noted related some factors such supervision, leadership honesty, trustworthiness, fairness and care, have an impact on employee perception and outcomes. The key limitations of the Malaysian study as noted by the researchers due to time and budget constraints, was that, convenient sampling may not be representative of the entire population due to insufficient representation of the entire corporate sector of the country and could be subject to self-selection bias; secondly the study could not measure if distance with top/senior management has an effect on employee perception of ethical leadership. Hence lower level employees who have very minimal contact with upper level management may rely more on information based on public opinion then direct leadership experience (Ponnu , Tennakoon). Both authors found that their study although valid and reliable, needed to be border in terms of sample size and area of study in order to fully understand and demonstrate the importance of ethical leadership. It was also suggested that since the research focused on† superior direct relationships â€Å"(Ponnu, Tennakoon) it would be recommended to gather relevant data from lower level employees within the organizational hierarchy. Finally they suggested further research on the relationship between â€Å"employee psychological empowerment and authenticity of ethical leader behavior (Ponnu, Tennakoon)†. As per my personal suggestion further research can be geared towards relating individual organizational commitment and performance. In conclusion to the Malaysian study, the authors state that corporate crime is still rising as a large number of top executives do not see the importance of ethical leadership values in their business operations. Corporate leaders should set an example of strong ethical and moral values in order to earn loyalty and trust of all major internal and external stakeholders. Organizations that have strong ethical leaders and principles are held in high esteem and enable the organization to employ and retain the best human capital available in the market. The case study on the internal audit profession, provided for a keen micro analysis on the personal motivations that guide employees to make moral decisions especially in professions that require a high level of ethical decision making. The limitations of this study as mentioned by the authors included variable identification and measurement, sample size and the use of a far too simple three vignette based model (Woodbine, Liu). Further research in to gender differences and issues that affect one’s ethical and moral decision making ability. Lastly a broader analysis that analysis the organization as whole as opposed to a particular profession would help enhance understanding of the internal motivations that guide moral decisions when faced with ethical dilemmas. The authors also recommend a new variable for research i.e. â€Å"employee religious affiliation† as a possible predictor to moral choices. Even though the authors conclude that codes of conduct and governance systems provide for an internal control mechanism, whistle blowing channels and develop cultures of honesty and accountability, the study strongly suggests that employee’s moral choices are still subject to their motivation needs. Finally, employee’s motivation to making moral decisions can be difficult to predict however they can be encouraged with proper leadership (Woodbine , Liu). All three scholarly articles empirically supported the main objective of this study, which was to reiterate the sound business principle that, ethical leadership lead to the responsible management of business processes and decision making that will in turn help an organization manage its risk of failure as a result of unethical business practices. Works Cited Ponnu, Cyril H., Tennakoon , Girindra. â€Å"The Association Between Ethical Leadership Employee Outcomes – The Malaysian Case.† Electronic Journal of Business Ethics Organizational Studies 14:1 (2009). Web. Sept 19th, 2010. Walman, De Luque, Washburn et al. â€Å"Cultural Leadership Predictors of Corporate Social Responsibility Values of Top Management: A GLOBE Study of 15 Countries.† Journal of International Business Studies 37:6 (2006). Palgrave Macmillan Journals. Web. Sept 19th, 2010. Woodbine, Gordon F., Liu, Joanne. â€Å"Leadership Styles The Moral Choice of Internal Auditors.† Electronic Journal of Business Ethics Organizational Studies 15:1 (2010). Web. Sept 19th, 2010.

What are that iteration methods compare different iterative method?

What are that iteration methods compare different iterative method? What are that iteration methods compare different iterative method? What are the iteration methods? An iterative method is a powerful device of solving and finding the roots of the non linear equations. It is a process that uses successive approximations to obtain more accurate solutions to a linear system at each step. Such a method involves a large number of iterations of arithmetic operations to arrive at a solution for which the computers are very often used in its process to make the task simple and efficient. Iteration means the act of repeating a process usually with the aim of approaching a desired goal or target or result. Each repetition of the process is also called iteration and the results of one iteration are used as the starting point for the next iteration. For example, to solve the quadratic equation we may choose any one of the following iteration methods: a0x^2 +a1x+a2=0 a) Xk+1 = -a2+a0xk^2/a1, k=0,1,2 b) Xk+1= -a2/a0xk+a1,k=0,1,2- Types of iteration methods: Based upon the number of initial approximation values iteration methods can be divided into two categories: Bracketing iteration methods Open end iteration methods Bracketing iteration method: These methods are also known as interpolation methods. Under these methods we start with two initial roots that in bracket, then systematically reduce the width of the bracket until the desired solution is arrived at. There are two popular methods under this category: Bisection method Regular_falsi method Open end iteration method: these methods are known as extrapolation methods. Under these methods we start with one or two initial roots that do not need the bracket the root. These methods are various types: Netwon_raphson method Secant method Mullers method Bisection, regular_falsi and netwon_raphson methods are under root finding algorithm. Root finding algo: A root-finding algorithm is a numerical method, or algorithm, for finding a value x such that f(x) = 0, for a given function f. Such an x is called a root of the function f. Iteration method is obtain the initial approximation to the root is based upon the intermediate value theorem. This theorem is states that: if f(x) is continuous function on some interval[a,b] and f(a).f(b)

Greek Art and Architecture Essays -- essays research papers

Essay #1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Palace of Knossos, a Minoan mud brick and timber structure on a shallow stone foundation, featuring a central courtyard, was constructed on an acropolis. It was a place for rulers to reside, shrines for religious ceremonies to be worshipped, the industrial production of objects, and administrative duties. Ample hallways, stairways, chambers, and light wells supplemented the ambitiously built structure. There were plenty of columns to mark he four awe inspiring entrance passages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Four wings, oriented in a north-south direction, surrounded the central courtyard. The east wing featured the residential spaces, a workshop, and a shrine, while the west wing was complete with more shrines, a throne room, storerooms, and a banquet hall. The north wing included a theater area. The south wing featured a separate paved courtyard west of the palace. Inside the Palace of Knossos, plastered walls were painted with color washes. The walls were also decorated with frescos, many of which depicted religious ceremonies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Minoans were a people who enjoyed life. Many wine jars were found and it can be noted that women commonly bore their breasts. Long hair and makeup were popular and many festivals and events were held at the 1400 room palace. Nothing was fortified. These people had a love of art, color, and leisure, as depicted in many of the frescos at Knossos.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Minoan art occasionally featured geometric and repetitive forms on walls, floors, and ceilings, but more common were figurative and landscape elements. Often seen were both local and foreign flowers and plants. It is important to mention that no narrative style has been noted and there are no hieroglyphics to decipher the images at Knossos.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An example of a Minoan fresco at Knossos is the Bull Jumping mural, about 24 1.2† in height. One person holds the horns of a bull while another jumps over the animal. This may have been a sporting event, as bulls were an important image, ad may have been sacrificed. Figures in these Minoan works are much more animated than typical Egyptian examples.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A face of a bull with guilded horns, about 12† tall, was found at Knossos. Created from steatite with shell, rock crystal, and red jasper, a wh... ...igures stands in Athena’s outstretched hand. The shield rests at her side, a sign that war is over, but Athena is still prepared and protective of her city. Athena was the goddess of Athens, but it is still unsure which came first. This statue of the greatly revered Athena stood in her temple to be both revered and to protect her city and its people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The shield that rests by Athena is highly decorated and given its immense size, the work that went into this project is unimaginable. The inside part shows the gods against the giants, depicted the giants storming Mount Olympus. The amazons are sculpted on the outside of the shield. Even Athena’s sandals have figurative sculpture, this time of Lapiths and Centaurs fighting. Along the base of the statue, golden images of Pandora and witnesses to her birth contrast strongly against a white background.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is so much information available architecturally and symbolically on the Parthenon that it is hard to form a concise short description of important points, however, it is because of this knowledge, that scholars have been able to really understand Greek art and architecture.